СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ МОДЕЛЕЙ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ РАДИОВОЛН ДЛЯ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ПОКРЫТИЯ СЕТЕЙ МОБИЛЬНОЙ СВЯЗИ

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative analysis of five radio wave propagation models commonly used for predicting mobile network coverage. The simulations were performed in a unified environment using RadioPlanner 3.0 for an urban area of Almaty under identical initial parameters. The comparison was carried out based on coverage maps and the metrics RSRP, reliable service radius, and the impact of terrain and building density. The results indicate that the Okumura-Hata model provides a symmetrical "average" coverage and generally overestimates the service radius in urban environments. The ITU-R P.1546 model delivers a balanced prediction that accounts for antenna height and terrain, making it suitable for rapid preliminary assessments. The Longley-Rice model produces a more physically realistic representation with local shadowing and diffraction zones, although it may slightly overestimate range at higher frequencies. The ITU-R P1812-6 model offers the highest level of detail and accuracy under dense urban conditions, The 3GPP TR 38.901 model accurately reflects radio channel statistics and UMa/UMi scenarios, making it valuable for MIMO and beamforming analysis, though it is less precise in describing terrain-related effects.