РАЗРАБОТКА И СТЕНДОВАЯ ВЕРИФИКАЦИЯ БОРТОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДЛЯ НАНОСПУТНИКОВ ФОРМАТА CUBESAT

Abstract

This work presents the development of an onboard control complex (OBC) for CubeSat-class nanosatellites with emphasis on energy safety, verifiability, and fault tolerance. The architecture follows a “space–ground” functional split: on board, deterministic protections (threshold/hysteresis), state-of-charge (SoC) estimation via an Extended Kalman Filter, and a schedule executor run on an STM32H743 microcontroller supported by an external watchdog timer; on the ground, energy-balance forecasting and schedule optimization account for illumination and communication windows. The sensor suite leverages accessible COTS components (IMU, magnetometer, barometer), while attitude estimation combines point solutions (TRIAD/QUEST) with recursive refinement (MEKF/EKF). A two-tier storage subsystem-QSPI-NAND for critical logs and SD via SDIO for bulk telemetry-prioritizes writes and remains robust under power shortfalls. Bench tests confirmed the correctness of the start-up state machine, stable sensor I/O, and preservation of the “black box” under energy deficit. Planned next steps include finalizing the firmware, introducing a lightweight AI layer (primarily groundside), extended climatic/vibrodynamic and reliability testing, and cybersecurity hardening. The resulting platform provides a basis for practical deployment in 1U–3U missions with stringent mass and power budgets.